Table 3a: People at Risk In 25 Counties Most Polluted by Long-Term Particle Pollution (Annual PM_2.5)

				At-Risk Groups								PM2.5 Annual, 2003-2005
2007 Rank1	County	ST	Total Population2	Under 183	65 and Over3	Pediatric Asthma4,10	Adult Asthma5,10	Chronic Bronchitis6,10	Emphysema7,10	CV Disease8	Diabetes9	Design Value11	Pass/Fail12
1	RIVERSIDE	CA	1,946,419	555,060	223,169	49,400	100,091	55,726	22,965	408,833	96,994	22.6	FAIL
2	SAN BERNARDINO	CA	1,963,535	605,131	158,725	53,857	97,597	53,654	19,657	364,436	88,409	21.2	FAIL
3	ALLEGHENY	PA	1,235,841	262,526	212,350	23,365	77,181	41,377	20,370	350,589	81,831	20.8	FAIL
4	LOS ANGELES	CA	9,935,475	2,739,469	998,963	243,813	519,004	288,953	114,234	2,074,467	498,089	19.7	FAIL
5	KERN	CA	756,825	232,363	67,288	20,680	37,686	20,780	7,858	144,004	34,715	19	FAIL
6	JEFFERSON	AL	657,229	156,950	88,180	13,969	35,690	20,749	9,239	163,164	38,633	18.2	FAIL
6	WAYNE	MI	1,998,217	555,354	232,698	49,427	130,544	59,355	25,424	453,881	108,107	18.2	FAIL
8	CUYAHOGA	OH	1,335,317	322,877	202,842	28,736	79,719	42,610	20,146	350,325	82,248	18.1	FAIL
9	TULARE	CA	410,874	134,343	38,049	11,957	19,900	11,028	4,302	78,170	18,763	18	FAIL
10	HAMILTON	OH	806,652	200,874	109,252	17,878	47,911	25,149	11,296	198,891	47,009	17.9	FAIL
11	MARION	IN	863,133	234,799	94,240	20,897	51,340	25,482	10,464	188,300	45,009	17.8	FAIL
12	MADISON	IL	264,309	62,521	36,769	5,564	13,960	8,352	3,750	65,908	15,556	17.7	FAIL
13	LAKE	IN	493,297	130,958	63,423	11,655	29,600	15,075	6,723	118,902	28,184	17.5	FAIL
13	LANCASTER	PA	490,562	124,822	69,787	11,109	29,521	15,237	7,003	122,404	28,808	17.5	FAIL
15	FULTON	GA	915,623	228,319	69,999	20,320	50,093	27,265	9,713	183,023	44,821	17.4	FAIL
16	YORK	PA	202,315	44,192	28,054	3,933	16,024	6,645	3,013	53,265	12,632	17.3	FAIL
17	FRESNO	CA	877,584	270,845	84,678	24,105	43,682	24,239	9,523	172,725	41,424	17.2	FAIL
17	COOK	IL	5,303,683	1,371,667	620,638	122,078	272,217	160,101	67,175	1,201,153	286,128	17.2	FAIL
17	JEFFERSON	OH	70,599	14,274	13,067	1,270	4,404	2,423	1,234	21,095	4,907	17.2	FAIL
20	KINGS	CA	143,420	40,411	10,597	3,597	7,337	3,951	1,324	24,918	6,077	17	FAIL
20	NEW YORK	NY	1,593,200	272,910	202,762	24,289	122,942	52,900	21,505	385,193	91,723	17	FAIL
22	BROOKE	WV	24,515	4,651	4,602	414	1,810	855	435	7,440	1,731	16.8	FAIL
23	STARK	OH	380,608	88,946	58,425	7,916	22,968	12,316	5,844	101,680	23,886	16.7	FAIL
24	BALTIMORE CITY	MD	786,113	181,489	114,385	16,153	49,761	25,217	11,572	202,548	47,716	16.6	FAIL
24	HANCOCK	WV	31,350	6,268	5,917	558	2,284	1,086	559	9,551	2,221	16.6	FAIL
24	KANAWHA	WV	193,559	40,618	31,816	3,615	13,939	6,532	3,179	55,131	12,935	16.6	FAIL

(1) Counties are ranked by design value. See note 11 below.
(2) Total Population represents the at-risk populations in counties with PM_2.5 monitors.
(3) Those 18 & under and 65 & over are vulnerable to PM_2.5 and are, therefore, included. They should not be used as population denominators for disease estimates.
(4) Pediatric asthma estimates are for those under 18 years of age and represent the estimated number of people who had asthma in 2003, based on national rates (NHIS) applied to county population estimates (U.S. Census).
(5) Adult asthma estimates are for those 18 years and older and represent the estimated number of people who had asthma during 2003, based on state rates (BRFSS) applied to county population estimates (U.S. Census).
(6) Chronic bronchitis estimates are for adults 18 and over who had been diagnosed in 2005, based on national rates (NHIS) applied to county population estimates (U.S. Census).
(7) Emphysema estimates are for adults 18 and over who have been diagnosed within their lifetime, based on national rates (NHIS) applied to county population estimates (U.S. Census).
(8) CV disease estimates are for adults 18 and over who had been diagnosed in 2005, based on national rates (NHIS) applied to county population estimates (U.S. Census). CV disease includes coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, angina pectoris and heart attack.
(9) Diabetes estimates are for adults 18 and over who have been diagnosed within their lifetime, based on national rates (NHIS) applied to county population estimates (U.S. Census).
(10) Adding across rows does not produce valid estimates, e.g., summing pediatric and adult asthma and/or emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
(11) The Design Value is the calculated concentration of a pollutant based on the form of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard, and is used by EPA to determine whether the air quality in a county meets the standard. The source for the Design Values is EPA, communication from the Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards, Mark Schmidt, October 30, 2006.
(12) Grades are based on EPA’s determination of meeting or failing to meet the NAAQS for annual PM_2.5 levels during 2003-2005. Counties meeting the NAAQS received grades of Pass; counties not meeting received grades of Fail.

Tables continued...